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KMID : 0613820190290030325
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Journal of Life Science
2019 Volume.29 No. 3 p.325 ~ p.331
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Anti-inflammatory Activities of Ethanol Extracts of Dried Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.)
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Lee Eun-Joo
Seo Yu-Mi
Kim Yong-Hyun
Chung Chung-Wook
Sung Hwa-Jung
Sohn Ho-Yong
Park Jong-Yi
Kim Jong-Sik
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Abstract
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Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) is one of the most popular green leafy vegetables, and it contains various beneficial components including polyphenolic compounds and has been known to possess various biological functions such as anti-microbial, anti-oxidative, and anti-inflammatory activities. In the present study, we prepared ethanol extract of dried lettuce (DLE) and investigated its anti-inflammatory activity. To evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of DLE, nitric oxide (NO) production was measured in LPS-activated mouse macrophage RAW 264.7 cells. DLE significantly suppressed NO production in these cells without affecting cell viabilities while resveratrol was used as a positive control. DLE dramatically decreased the expression of pro-inflammatory genes such as iNOS and COX-2 at the mRNA and protein levels and reduced the expression of several cytokines including IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-1F6, TNF-α, CSF2 and CXCL10. In addition, DLE suppressed phosphorylation of MAPKs and the nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65 indicating DLE shows its anti-inflammatory activity via regulating MAPKs pathway and NF-κB pathways. And also, DLE reduced the production of reactive oxygen species in a dose-dependent manner. DLE increased HO-1 protein expression, and also increased the nuclear translocation of Nrf2. Overall, our results suggest that lettuce down-regulate various pro-inflammatory genes and have its anti-inflammatory activity via regulating MAPKs, NF-κB, and Nrf2/HO-1 pathways.
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KEYWORD
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Anti-inflammation, Lactuca sativa, MAPK, NF-κB, Nrf2/HO-1
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